"An armed attack against Sweden or our allies cannot be ruled out," the committee said in a report that highlighted Europe's increasingly uncertain security.
"Russian military advances, for example to test NATO's cohesion and the credibility of Article 5, could take place in the relatively near future if the political situation is deemed favourable by the Kremlin," the committee said in a report.
Article 5 is NATO's collective security clause which states that an attack on one member is an attack on all alliance countries.
The report added that Russia could make a move even if it did not possess the military power traditionally believed to be required for an attack.
"We can note that the security policy situation remains serious and is characterised by considerable uncertainty. There is a risk of rapid deterioration with serious consequences for Sweden's and Europe's security," Jorgen Berglund, who heads the committee, told a press conference.
In May, Sweden's top military commander Michael Claesson also warned that Russia could test NATO resolve.
"They know that the entire Western world is arming itself. So I ask myself: why would they wait to exploit perceived weaknesses?," he told public broadcaster SVT.
the defence committee gathers representatives of all of Sweden's parties represented in parliament. Its work serves as the basis for the country's long-term defence planning.
Its report also said that the United States was "crucial for Swedish and European security and prosperity," but stressed that "Europe's relationship with the United States is changing" as US "foreign and security policy has been significantly transformed" under President Donald Trump.
Sweden ended two centuries of military non-alignment and joined NATO in 2024 after Russia's 2022 invasion of Ukraine.
Swedish defence spending is expected to reach 3.5 percent of GDP by 2030, up from 2.8 percent this year.
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